Question by mae
: what are the effects of the early philosopher,chemist,physicist,and inventors’ works to the modern life?
i need to answer this for my assignment. i am really having a research about Robert Boyle and i need to know the effects of his works to the modern life. please help me!!!
Best answer:
Answer by Ingsoc Aaron
Robert Boyle is important in physics and chemistry.
And mainly he’s remembered for coming up with “Boyle’s Law”, which is simply that in a closed system the pressure and volume of a gas (at constant temperature) are inversely proportional to each other.
Now what this means is that if you have a can of gas, a closed system (no gas can escape from the can or get into it), then the pressure that the gas exerts on the inside walls of the can and the volume of the gas inside the can are inversely proportional. Only true at constant temperatures (that’s to say, the temperature of the gas can’t change).
Now what does inversely proportional mean?
Simply, if the volume of the can shrinks, and the can still has the same amount of gas (which it should because the can is a closed system and the gas can’t escape), then pressure inside the can from the gas goes up (the gas pushes harder on the walls). So remember, if Volume of gas goes down, the pressure goes up. That’s what inversely proportional means (one goes up, one goes down).
Same thing.
If can got bigger (volume increased), pressure inside the can would decrease (the gas molecules have more room to move around so they exert less pressure on the walls of the can).
So volume goes up, pressure goes down. (Inversely proportional).
Thiis is Boyle’s Law.
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Why is this important?
Because Boyle’s law contributes to the overall “Ideal Gas Law” which explains how all ideal gasses behave (an ideal gas is one that’s inert and doesn’t chemically react with other substances).
The Ideal Gas Law is a mathmatical equation and is as followed,
PV = nRT
Where P stands for pressure, V is volume, n is the amount of gas, R is the ideal gas constant (a number), and T is the temperature.
(Pressure)*(Volume) = (amount)*(Ideal Gas Constant)*(Temperature)
(Pressure) times (Volume) = (amount) times (Gas Constant) times (temperature).
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Now then the Ideal Gas Law is a combination of four gas laws.
1. Boyle’s Law (explained).
2. Charles’s Law- which states volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature. Simply, temperature of a gas goes up, the volume goes up as well. And, temperature of a gas goes down, the volume of gas goes down to. Balloon example: A balloon contains a fixed amount of gas because of this law if you heat the balloon it gets bigger! (The volume increase). And if you freeze the balloon the gas gets cold and it shrinks (volume decreases).
3. Gay-Lussac’s Law- The temperature and pressure of gas are directly proportional. If temperature of gas goes up (gas gets hotter), then the pressure goes up. If the gas gets cold, pressure goes down.
4. And Avogadro’s Law- which isn’t as easy to explain or understand, but simply, all ideal gasses act the same regardless of the size of the molecules in the gas. Example: Carbon Dioxide (a gas) is composed of one Carbon atom and two oxygen atoms however it behaves the same as Helium (another gas) that’s only composed of Helium atoms alone. However on a molecular level Carbon Dioxide is larger than Helium (it has more atoms), nonetheless both gasses act the same and follow the Ideal Gas Law. In fact all ideal gasses, regardless of their size, act the same.
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These four laws make the Ideal Gas Law.
PV = nRT.
That’s what’s important.
Because it completely explains how all gas (well ideal ones, which is basically all) behave, and will behave, under given circumstances. And Boyle helped.
The Ideal Gas Law was first written out by Emile Clapeyron when he combined all the Laws together.
Applications!
So what can you do with this?
Well there’s a lot of stuff, which I don’t want to go through all of it…
But Absolute Zero is a good result of the Ideal Gas Law.
Lord Kelvin figured this out by looking at the Ideal Gas Law. But if you plot a Temperature vesus Volume graph and recall that Temp is proportional to Volume you get a straight line. That’s to say there’s a specific volume for every temperature of a certain amount of gas.
So let’s say (this is an example and not real numbers) at 80 degrees you have a volume of 40 ml of gas, at 35 degrees you have 30 ml of gas, at 10 degrees you have 20 ml of gas (the volume goes down as the gas gets colder, charles law). Now it’s important to understand the gas isn’t going away, it’s volume is just getting smaller (which is predicted by the Ideal Gas Law).
Okay so Kelvin thought to himself.
What’s the temperature when the volume of the gas goes to zero? He found this by mathmatically following the graph he made (the line) to where this would be true (because you can’t measure it physically).
And he found that theoretically at -273 degrees Celsius the volume of gas is zero.
This is Absolute Zero.
You can never get colder then this because the volume of a gas can never go below zero (that’s impossible).
Kelvin finding this temperature is a good result of the Ideal Gas Law.
What do you think? Answer below!
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